Pope Benedict XVI (Latin: Bendictus XVI; Italian: Benedetto XVI; German: Benedict XVI.; birthed Joseph Arminius Rat zinger, German: [ˈjoːzɛf ʔaˈlɔʏzi̯ʊs ˈʁatsɪŋɐ], on 16 April 1927) is a retired prelate of the Catholic Church who functioned as the head of the Church and also the sovereign of the Vatican City State from 2005 till his resignation in 2013. Benedict's election as pope occurred in the 2005 papal conclave that adhered to the fatality of Pope John Paul II. Benedict selected to be known by the title pope emeritus upon his resignation. Ordained as a clergyman in 1951 in his native Bavaria, Rat zinger began on a scholastic job and also developed himself as an extremely regarded theologian by the late 1950s. He was selected a complete professor in 1958 at the age of 31. After a lengthy career as a teacher of faith at a number of German colleges, he was assigned Archbishop of Munich as well as Framing and created a cardinal by Pope Paul VI in 1977, an uncommon promotion for so...